IT桔子分布式项目2 | Python爬虫课程讲义

项目实现：

items.py


# items.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy

class CompanyItem(scrapy.Item):

    # 公司id (url数字部分)
    info_id = scrapy.Field()
    # 公司名称
    company_name = scrapy.Field()
    # 公司口号
    slogan = scrapy.Field()
    # 分类
    scope = scrapy.Field()
    # 子分类
    sub_scope = scrapy.Field()

    # 所在城市
    city = scrapy.Field()
    # 所在区域
    area = scrapy.Field()
    # 公司主页
    home_page = scrapy.Field()
    # 公司标签
    tags = scrapy.Field()

    # 公司简介
    company_intro = scrapy.Field()
    # 公司全称：
    company_full_name = scrapy.Field()
    # 成立时间：
    found_time = scrapy.Field()
    # 公司规模：
    company_size = scrapy.Field()
    # 运营状态
    company_status = scrapy.Field()

    # 投资情况列表：包含获投时间、融资阶段、融资金额、投资公司
    tz_info = scrapy.Field()
    # 团队信息列表：包含成员姓名、成员职称、成员介绍
    tm_info = scrapy.Field()
    # 产品信息列表：包含产品名称、产品类型、产品介绍
    pdt_info = scrapy.Field()

settings.py


# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

BOT_NAME = 'itjuzi'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['itjuzi.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'itjuzi.spiders'

# Enables scheduling storing requests queue in redis.
SCHEDULER = "scrapy_redis.scheduler.Scheduler"

# Ensure all spiders share same duplicates filter through redis.
DUPEFILTER_CLASS = "scrapy_redis.dupefilter.RFPDupeFilter"

# REDIS_START_URLS_AS_SET = True

COOKIES_ENABLED = False

DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 1.5

# 支持随机下载延迟
RANDOMIZE_DOWNLOAD_DELAY = True

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    'scrapy_redis.pipelines.RedisPipeline': 300
}

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    # 该中间件将会收集失败的页面，并在爬虫完成后重新调度。（失败情况可能由于临时的问题，例如连接超时或者HTTP 500错误导致失败的页面）
   'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware': 80,

    # 该中间件提供了对request设置HTTP代理的支持。您可以通过在 Request 对象中设置 proxy 元数据来开启代理。
    'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware': 100,

    'itjuzi.middlewares.RotateUserAgentMiddleware': 200,
}

REDIS_HOST = "192.168.199.108"
REDIS_PORT = 6379

middlewares.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.useragent import UserAgentMiddleware
import random

# User-Agetn 下载中间件
class RotateUserAgentMiddleware(UserAgentMiddleware):
    def __init__(self, user_agent=''):
        self.user_agent = user_agent

    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        # 这句话用于随机选择user-agent
        ua = random.choice(self.user_agent_list)
        request.headers.setdefault('User-Agent', ua)

    user_agent_list = [
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/531.21.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0.4 Safari/531.21.10",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.2; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.17.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.1 Safari/533.17.8",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.19.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Safari/533.18.5",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-GB; rv:1.9.1.17) Gecko/20110123 (like Firefox/3.x) SeaMonkey/2.0.12",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.2; rv:10.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/10.0.1 SeaMonkey/2.7.1",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_5_8; en-US) AppleWebKit/532.8 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/4.0.302.2 Safari/532.8",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_4; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/6.0.464.0 Safari/534.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_5; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.13 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/9.0.597.15 Safari/534.13",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_2) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/14.0.835.186 Safari/535.1",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/535.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/15.0.874.54 Safari/535.2",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_6_8) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.36 Safari/535.7",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Mac OS X Mach-O; en-US; rv:2.0a) Gecko/20040614 Firefox/3.0.0 ",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; PPC Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.0.3) Gecko/2008092414 Firefox/3.0.3",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.1) Gecko/20090624 Firefox/3.5",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; en-US; rv:1.9.2.14) Gecko/20110218 AlexaToolbar/alxf-2.0 Firefox/3.6.14",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; PPC Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.2.15) Gecko/20110303 Firefox/3.6.15",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"
    ]

spiders/juzi.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule

from scrapy_redis.spiders import RedisCrawlSpider
from itjuzi.items import CompanyItem


class ITjuziSpider(RedisCrawlSpider):
    name = 'itjuzi'
    allowed_domains = ['www.itjuzi.com']
    # start_urls = ['http://www.itjuzi.com/company']
    redis_key = 'itjuzispider:start_urls'
    rules = [
        # 获取每一页的链接
        Rule(link_extractor=LinkExtractor(allow=('/company\?page=\d+'))),
        # 获取每一个公司的详情
        Rule(link_extractor=LinkExtractor(allow=('/company/\d+')), callback='parse_item')
    ]

    def parse_item(self, response):
        soup = BeautifulSoup(response.body, 'lxml')

        # 开头部分： //div[@class="infoheadrow-v2 ugc-block-item"]
        cpy1 = soup.find('div', class_='infoheadrow-v2')
        if cpy1:
            # 公司名称：//span[@class="title"]/b/text()[1]
            company_name = cpy1.find(class_='title').b.contents[0].strip().replace('\t', '').replace('\n', '')

            # 口号： //div[@class="info-line"]/p
            slogan = cpy1.find(class_='info-line').p.get_text()

            # 分类：子分类//span[@class="scope c-gray-aset"]/a[1]
            scope_a = cpy1.find(class_='scope c-gray-aset').find_all('a')
            # 分类：//span[@class="scope c-gray-aset"]/a[1]
            scope = scope_a[0].get_text().strip() if len(scope_a) > 0 else ''
            # 子分类：# //span[@class="scope c-gray-aset"]/a[2]
            sub_scope = scope_a[1].get_text().strip() if len(scope_a) > 1 else ''

            # 城市+区域：//span[@class="loca c-gray-aset"]/a
            city_a = cpy1.find(class_='loca c-gray-aset').find_all('a')
            # 城市：//span[@class="loca c-gray-aset"]/a[1]
            city = city_a[0].get_text().strip() if len(city_a) > 0 else ''
            # 区域：//span[@class="loca c-gray-aset"]/a[2]
            area = city_a[1].get_text().strip() if len(city_a) > 1 else ''

            # 主页：//a[@class="weblink marl10"]/@href
            home_page = cpy1.find(class_='weblink marl10')['href']
            # 标签：//div[@class="tagset dbi c-gray-aset"]/a
            tags = cpy1.find(class_='tagset dbi c-gray-aset').get_text().strip().strip().replace('\n', ',')

        #基本信息：//div[@class="block-inc-info on-edit-hide"]
        cpy2 = soup.find('div', class_='block-inc-info on-edit-hide')
        if cpy2:

            # 公司简介：//div[@class="block-inc-info on-edit-hide"]//div[@class="des"]
            company_intro = cpy2.find(class_='des').get_text().strip()

            # 公司全称：成立时间：公司规模：运行状态：//div[@class="des-more"]
            cpy2_content = cpy2.find(class_='des-more').contents

            # 公司全称：//div[@class="des-more"]/div[1]
            company_full_name = cpy2_content[1].get_text().strip()[len('公司全称：'):] if cpy2_content[1] else ''

            # 成立时间：//div[@class="des-more"]/div[2]/span[1]
            found_time = cpy2_content[3].contents[1].get_text().strip()[len('成立时间：'):] if cpy2_content[3] else ''

            # 公司规模：//div[@class="des-more"]/div[2]/span[2]
            company_size = cpy2_content[3].contents[3].get_text().strip()[len('公司规模：'):] if cpy2_content[3] else ''

            #运营状态：//div[@class="des-more"]/div[3]
            company_status = cpy2_content[5].get_text().strip() if cpy2_content[5] else ''

        # 主体信息：
        main = soup.find('div', class_='main')

        # 投资情况：//table[@class="list-round-v2 need2login"]
          # 投资情况，包含获投时间、融资阶段、融资金额、投资公司
        tz = main.find('table', 'list-round-v2')
        tz_list = []
        if tz:
            all_tr = tz.find_all('tr')
            for tr in all_tr:
                tz_dict = {}
                all_td = tr.find_all('td')
                tz_dict['tz_time'] = all_td[0].span.get_text().strip()
                tz_dict['tz_round'] = all_td[1].get_text().strip()
                tz_dict['tz_finades'] = all_td[2].get_text().strip()
                tz_dict['tz_capital'] = all_td[3].get_text().strip().replace('\n', ',')
                tz_list.append(tz_dict)

        # 团队信息：成员姓名、成员职称、成员介绍
        tm = main.find('ul', class_='list-prodcase limited-itemnum')
        tm_list = []
        if tm:
            for li in tm.find_all('li'):
                tm_dict = {}
                tm_dict['tm_m_name'] = li.find('span', class_='c').get_text().strip()
                tm_dict['tm_m_title'] = li.find('span', class_='c-gray').get_text().strip()
                tm_dict['tm_m_intro'] = li.find('p', class_='mart10 person-des').get_text().strip()
                tm_list.append(tm_dict)

        # 产品信息：产品名称、产品类型、产品介绍
        pdt = main.find('ul', class_='list-prod limited-itemnum')
        pdt_list = []
        if pdt:
            for li in pdt.find_all('li'):
                pdt_dict = {}
                pdt_dict['pdt_name'] = li.find('h4').b.get_text().strip()
                pdt_dict['pdt_type'] = li.find('span', class_='tag yellow').get_text().strip()
                pdt_dict['pdt_intro'] = li.find(class_='on-edit-hide').p.get_text().strip()
                pdt_list.append(pdt_dict)

        item = CompanyItem()
        item['info_id'] = response.url.split('/')[-1:][0]
        item['company_name'] = company_name
        item['slogan'] = slogan
        item['scope'] = scope
        item['sub_scope'] = sub_scope
        item['city'] = city
        item['area'] = area
        item['home_page'] = home_page
        item['tags'] = tags
        item['company_intro'] = company_intro
        item['company_full_name'] = company_full_name
        item['found_time'] = found_time
        item['company_size'] = company_size
        item['company_status'] = company_status
        item['tz_info'] = tz_list
        item['tm_info'] = tm_list
        item['pdt_info'] = pdt_list
        return item

scrapy.cfg

# Automatically created by: scrapy startproject
#
# For more information about the [deploy] section see:
# https://scrapyd.readthedocs.org/en/latest/deploy.html

[settings]
default = itjuzi.settings

[deploy]
#url = http://localhost:6800/
project = itjuzi

运行：

Slave端：
scrapy runspider juzi.py

Master端：
redis-cli > lpush itjuzispider:start_urls http://www.itjuzi.com/company

演示效果：