8.1 部署Tornado
为了充分利用多核CPU,并且为了减少同步代码中的阻塞影响,在部署Tornado的时候需要开启多个进程(最好为每个CPU核心开启一个进程)
因为Tornado自带的服务器性能很高,所以我们只需开启多个Tornado进程。为了对外有统一的接口,并且可以分发用户的请求到不同的Tornado进程上,我们用Nginx来进行代理。
1. supervisor
为了统一管理Tornado的多个进程,我们可以借助supervisor工具。
安装
sudo pip install supervisor
配置
运行echo_supervisord_conf命令输出默认的配置项,可以如下操作将默认配置保存到文件中
echo_supervisord_conf > supervisord.conf
vim 打开编辑supervisord.conf文件,修改
[include]
files = relative/directory/*.ini
为
[include]
files = /etc/supervisor/*.conf
include选项指明包含的其他配置文件。
将编辑后的supervisord.conf文件复制到/etc/目录下
sudo cp supervisord.conf /etc/
然后我们在/etc目录下新建子目录supervisor(与配置文件里的选项相同),并在/etc/supervisor/中新建tornado管理的配置文件tornado.conf。
[group:tornadoes]
programs=tornado-8000,tornado-8001,tornado-8002,tornado-8003
[program:tornado-8000]
command=/home/python/.virtualenvs/tornado_py2/bin/python /home/python/Documents/demo/chat /server.py --port=8000
directory=/home/python/Documents/demo/chat
user=python
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/home/python/tornado.log
loglevel=info
[program:tornado-8001]
command=/home/python/.virtualenvs/tornado_py2/bin/python /home/python/Documents/demo/chat /server.py --port=8001
directory=/home/python/Documents/demo/chat
user=python
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/home/python/tornado.log
loglevel=info
[program:tornado-8002]
command=/home/python/.virtualenvs/tornado_py2/bin/python /home/python/Documents/demo/chat /server.py --port=8002
directory=/home/python/Documents/demo/chat
user=python
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/home/python/tornado.log
loglevel=info
[program:tornado-8003]
command=/home/python/.virtualenvs/tornado_py2/bin/python /home/python/Documents/demo/chat /server.py --port=8003
directory=/home/python/Documents/demo/chat
user=python
autorestart=true
redirect_stderr=true
stdout_logfile=/home/python/tornado.log
loglevel=info
启动
supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf
查看 supervisord 是否在运行:
ps aux | grep supervisord
supervisorctl
我们可以利用supervisorctl来管理supervisor。
supervisorctl
> status # 查看程序状态
> stop tornadoes:* # 关闭 tornadoes组 程序
> start tornadoes:* # 启动 tornadoes组 程序
> restart tornadoes:* # 重启 tornadoes组 程序
> update # 重启配置文件修改过的程序
执行status命令时,显示如下信息说明tornado程序运行正常:
supervisor> status
tornadoes:tornado-8000 RUNNING pid 32091, uptime 00:00:02
tornadoes:tornado-8001 RUNNING pid 32092, uptime 00:00:02
tornadoes:tornado-8002 RUNNING pid 32093, uptime 00:00:02
tornadoes:tornado-8003 RUNNING pid 32094, uptime 00:00:02
2. nginx
对于使用ubuntu apt-get 安装nginx,其配置文件位于/etc/nginx/sites-available中,修改default文件如下:
upstream tornadoes {
server 127.0.0.1:8000;
server 127.0.0.1:8001;
server 127.0.0.1:8002;
server 127.0.0.1:8003;
}
upstream websocket {
server 127.0.0.1:8000;
}
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name _;
location /static/ {
root /home/python/Documents/demo/chat;
if ($query_string) {
expires max;
}
}
location /chat {
proxy_pass http://websocket/chat;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
}
location / {
proxy_pass_header Server;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Scheme $scheme; # 协议 http https
proxy_pass http://tornadoes;
}
}
启动nginx
service nginx start # 启动
service nginx stop # 停止
service nginx restart # 重启
源码安装版本
启动:sudo sbin/nginx
停止:sudo sbin/nginx -s stop
重启:sudo sbin/nginx -s reload